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Dorothy L. Sayers

Sherlock Holmes’s Infinite Case-Book

April 4, 2013 - Arcadia Falcone

This tiny volume, featuring a Sherlockian parody by O. Henry, formed one of a series of “The World’s Best Short Stories” distributed with packets of cigarettes.

Many of the items discussed here are featured in the display “The Intertextual Sherlock Holmes,” which can be seen outside the Reading and Viewing Room on the second floor of the Ransom Center until April 21.

While fanfiction may seem like an Internet-dependent phenomenon, its origins stretch far back into the past, beyond even the age of print. Adapting others’ literary creations for new purposes is at least as old as the Aeneid, in which Virgil adopts a minor character from Homer’s Iliad, Aeneas, as the hero of his story. The scholar Henry Jenkins has argued for fanfiction as modern myth-making, “a way of the culture repairing the damage done in a system where contemporary myths are owned by corporations instead of owned by the folk.” Just as ancient Greek storytellers could draw upon shared cultural knowledge to spin a tale featuring Theseus or Ariadne, their present-day counterparts seeking a similar resonance might instead turn to Harry Potter, Captain James T. Kirk—or Sherlock Holmes.

Holmes captured the imagination of other writers almost from his inception. In 1891, an anonymous author published “My Evening with Sherlock Holmes” in The Speaker, less than four years after the detective’s 1887 debut in A Study in Scarlet. One might argue that it was not long before other writers were more enamored of Holmes than Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was himself, for Doyle attempted to kill off his obstreperous creation in 1893 in a thwarted effort to refocus attention on his historical fiction. Even Holmes’s apparent death at Reichenbach Falls did little to stem the rising tide of Sherlockian pastiches, parodies, and fanfictions, of which the Ransom Center holds a diverse selection.

Published in Punch in January 1894, the eighth and last part of “The Adventures of Picklock Holes” by “Cunnin Toil” features the derivative detective tussling on the brink of a waterfall with his archenemy—Sherlock Holmes himself.
Published in Punch in January 1894, the eighth and last part of “The Adventures of Picklock Holes” by “Cunnin Toil” features the derivative detective tussling on the brink of a waterfall with his archenemy—Sherlock Holmes himself.

Many of the early extra-canonical Holmes sightings crop up as brief, humorous episodes in newspapers or periodicals, often with absurd variations on the detective’s distinctive name. In 1892, The Idler featured the adventures of Sherlaw Kombs, while Punch followed in 1893 with tales of Picklock Holes. Even P. G. Wodehouse joined the fun, publishing “Dudley Jones, Bore-Hunter” in Punch in 1903. Andrew Lang, best known for editing the Blue Fairy Book and its sequels, took a more serious approach in his pastiche “At the Sign of the Ship” (Longman’s Magazine, 1905), in which Holmes applies his deductive powers to the unsolved mystery of Edwin Drood. Across the Atlantic, Arthur Chapman took time off from writing cowboy poetry to pen “The Unmasking of Sherlock Holmes” for The Critic (1905), in which Auguste Dupin derides Holmes as an attenuated derivative of himself. (The story ends with Holmes shamefacedly conceding his debt to Dupin.)

While Chapman leaves Holmes at home in London, other authors took Holmes on some distinctly American adventures. In A Double Barrelled Detective Story (1902), Mark Twain transplants the detective to a California mining camp, much to the chagrin of his murderous nephew, Fetlock Jones. In “The Sleuths” (1911), Austin’s own O. Henry re-imagines Holmes as New York private eye Shamrock Jolnes, whose “thin, intellectual face, piercing eyes, and rate per word are too well known to need description.” The Center holds unusual copies of both books: Twain’s is a signed first edition from the author’s own library, while Henry’s is a tiny volume originally distributed as a free prize in cigarette packets.

Alongside the proliferating Holmesian fictions, a tradition of tongue-in-cheek nonfiction also arose that treated Holmes and Watson as real people, with Doyle demoted to mere editor when he was acknowledged at all. In 1911, future mystery writer and Monsignor Ronald Knox regaled an Oxford audience with “Studies in the Literature of Sherlock Holmes,” couched in the stentorian style of Biblical exegesis. Knox’s disquisition not only presumed the actuality of Holmes himself, but also fabricated a bevy of rival Holmesian scholars, whose interpretations of the canon Knox demolished with great relish. Taken up by other enthusiasts, this practice of fan-nonfiction became known as the Higher Criticism or the Great Game. The Center’s collections include key entries in the genre by Vincent Starrett, H. W. Bell, S. C. Roberts, and Dorothy L. Sayers, among many others.

Fascination with Holmes soon expanded beyond his English-speaking audience. A German newspaper wrote in 1908, “It is certain that contemporary Europe is suffering from a disease called Sherlockismus […] a literary disease similar to Werther-mania and romantic Byronism.” The Bookman concurred, diagnosing Paris with “what may be described as a bad case of Sherlockitis,” and citing some alarming symptoms: “In connection with two recent sensational murders the Paris newspapers have been giving their versions of how these crimes were committed in the form of imaginary interviews with Sherlock Holmes.” Versions of Holmes also thrived on the Spanish stage, with several plays produced and published between 1908 and 1916. While some of these drew directly on the canon, many were original works that borrowed only the character (and sometimes no more than the name) of Holmes.

As Doyle’s frustration with Holmes’s popularity became more and more apparent, and new adventures appeared less and less frequently, fans turned to supplementing the canon with their own creations. After the publication of the final Holmes tales in 1927, a Wisconsin teenager named August Derleth started writing stories that both imitated and explicitly referenced Holmes, introducing his detective Solar Pons as “the Sherlock Holmes of Praed Street.” Derleth again translated his fan enthusiasm into action when he founded Arkham House to ensure the publication of H. P. Lovecraft’s works in formats more durable than pulp magazines. Arkham later published the Pons stories under the imprint Mycroft & Moran, with each volume featuring an introduction by a noted Sherlockian. Derleth eventually wrote more stories about Pons than Doyle did about Holmes.

From the first issue of The Baker Street Journal, 1946.
From the first issue of The Baker Street Journal, 1946.

The rise of organized fan societies created new venues for fans to communicate with other fans. In 1934, Christopher Morley founded the Baker Street Irregulars, which began publishing The Baker Street Journal in 1946. After a brief stint in the 1930s, The Sherlock Holmes Society of London re-formed in 1951, bringing out the first Sherlock Holmes Journal the following year. Both periodicals featured stories by fans alongside Sherlockian news, reviews, essays, and criticism. In addition to issues of both journals, the Center also holds the papers of Christopher Morley, including many documents from the early days of the Baker Street Irregulars. A limited edition pamphlet of the sonnet in which Vincent Starrett famously declared “It is always 1895,” a recreation of the portrait of Irene Adler that caused so much trouble in “A Scandal in Bohemia,” and a self-published book of original songs about characters from the stories illustrate the wide range of creative engagement that flowed through these channels for fan-centered community.

The mythology of Sherlock Holmes continues to expand across media. Recently published fictions by Michael Chabon, Neil Gaiman, and Laurie S. King re-envision the classic Holmes in new contexts. On television, BBC’s Sherlock and CBS’s Elementary each mix and match elements of the original adventures and characterizations to produce two very different modern takes on Holmes and Watson. Fanworks inspired by the original Holmes or his many reincarnations proliferate both online and in print. The Ransom Center’s collections illustrate that the current boom in re-imagining Doyle’s detective is only the most recent chapter in a long history of Sherlockian creative enthusiasm. The case-book of Sherlock Holmes is nowhere near closed.

In 2011, the Baker Street Irregulars published “Bohemian Souls,” a facsimile of the original manuscript of “A Scandal in Bohemia,” accompanied by annotations and commentary.  This was followed by their 2012 edition of “The Golden Pince-Nez.”  Both manuscripts are owned by the Ransom Center.

Please click on the thumbnails below to view full-size images.

Arthur Chapman, best known for his poem “Out Where the West Begins,” here reclaims American precedence in the detective story through Edgar Allan Poe’s Auguste Dupin. Doyle himself acknowledged his debt to Poe, although he has Holmes reject any comparison of himself to Dupin in "A Study in Scarlet."
Arthur Chapman, best known for his poem “Out Where the West Begins,” here reclaims American precedence in the detective story through Edgar Allan Poe’s Auguste Dupin. Doyle himself acknowledged his debt to Poe, although he has Holmes reject any comparison of himself to Dupin in “A Study in Scarlet.”
One of the very first Holmes parodies, “The Adventures of Sherlaw Kombs,” appeared in the May 1892 issue of "The Idler." Author “Luke Sharp” was actually Robert Barr, who co-founded "The Idler" with Jerome K. Jerome and was a friend of Arthur Conan Doyle.
One of the very first Holmes parodies, “The Adventures of Sherlaw Kombs,” appeared in the May 1892 issue of “The Idler.” Author “Luke Sharp” was actually Robert Barr, who co-founded “The Idler” with Jerome K. Jerome and was a friend of Arthur Conan Doyle.
Harvey Officer put together this book of songs about the denizens of Sherlock Holmes’s London, including the dog Toby who features in "The Sign of Four," for communal enjoyment, stating that “They are meant to be sung in unison, loudly and uproariously.”
Harvey Officer put together this book of songs about the denizens of Sherlock Holmes’s London, including the dog Toby who features in “The Sign of Four,” for communal enjoyment, stating that “They are meant to be sung in unison, loudly and uproariously.”
Baker Street Irregular James Montgomery Sherlock-izes his own family history, claiming Irene Adler as his aunt, and offers a letter in which she recounts her own perspective on the events of “A Scandal in Bohemia,” accompanied by this version of the famous photograph from the story.
Baker Street Irregular James Montgomery Sherlock-izes his own family history, claiming Irene Adler as his aunt, and offers a letter in which she recounts her own perspective on the events of “A Scandal in Bohemia,” accompanied by this version of the famous photograph from the story.
Mark Twain’s tale is, in a way, a Holmes novel turned inside out: rather than a melodramatic flashback to America explaining the motivations for the mystery story (as in "A Study in Scarlet" and "The Valley of Fear"), Twain embeds his Holmes pastiche in a larger revenge narrative.
Mark Twain’s tale is, in a way, a Holmes novel turned inside out: rather than a melodramatic flashback to America explaining the motivations for the mystery story (as in “A Study in Scarlet” and “The Valley of Fear”), Twain embeds his Holmes pastiche in a larger revenge narrative.
Rather than deduction, shutting down boring conversationalists is the métier of Dudley Jones—probably a more useful skill in the world of his creator, P. G. Wodehouse. Perhaps Wodehouse was imagining himself in the role of Dr. Watson, here rendered as “Wuddus.”
Rather than deduction, shutting down boring conversationalists is the métier of Dudley Jones—probably a more useful skill in the world of his creator, P. G. Wodehouse. Perhaps Wodehouse was imagining himself in the role of Dr. Watson, here rendered as “Wuddus.”
Published in "Punch" in January 1894, the eighth and last part of “The Adventures of Picklock Holes” by “Cunnin Toil” features the derivative detective tussling on the brink of a waterfall with his archenemy—Sherlock Holmes himself. Author R. C. Lehmann was father to novelist Rosamond Lehmann and publisher John Lehmann.
Published in “Punch” in January 1894, the eighth and last part of “The Adventures of Picklock Holes” by “Cunnin Toil” features the derivative detective tussling on the brink of a waterfall with his archenemy—Sherlock Holmes himself. Author R. C. Lehmann was father to novelist Rosamond Lehmann and publisher John Lehmann.
Vincent Starrett’s sonnet “221B” in its rare original issue, privately printed by Edwin B. Hill of Ysleta, Texas and distributed at Christmas, 1942—the timing giving added poignancy to the line “Here, though the world explode, these two survive.”
Vincent Starrett’s sonnet “221B” in its rare original issue, privately printed by Edwin B. Hill of Ysleta, Texas and distributed at Christmas, 1942—the timing giving added poignancy to the line “Here, though the world explode, these two survive.”
This tiny volume, featuring a Sherlockian parody by O. Henry, formed one of a series of “The World’s Best Short Stories” distributed with packets of cigarettes.
This tiny volume, featuring a Sherlockian parody by O. Henry, formed one of a series of “The World’s Best Short Stories” distributed with packets of cigarettes.
Who better to tackle Dr. Watson’s life than a biographer of James Boswell? Other works featured in the Criterion Miscellany series include “Imperialism and the Open Conspiracy” by H. G. Wells, “Pornography and Obscenity” by D. H. Lawrence, and “Anna Livia Plurabelle” by James Joyce.
Who better to tackle Dr. Watson’s life than a biographer of James Boswell? Other works featured in the Criterion Miscellany series include “Imperialism and the Open Conspiracy” by H. G. Wells, “Pornography and Obscenity” by D. H. Lawrence, and “Anna Livia Plurabelle” by James Joyce.
From the first issue of "The Baker Street Journal," 1946. The authors were both well-known Sherlockians.
From the first issue of “The Baker Street Journal,” 1946. The authors were both well-known Sherlockians.
"The Intertextual Sherlock Holmes," curated by graduate intern Arcadia Falcone (shown here), is now on view outside the Reading Room. This display of rare books and periodicals features Sherlock Holmes pastiches, parodies, and fanfictions from 1895 to 1975, including works by Mark Twain, O. Henry, and John Lennon. Photo by Pete Smith.
“The Intertextual Sherlock Holmes,” curated by graduate intern Arcadia Falcone (shown here), is now on view outside the Reading Room. This display of rare books and periodicals features Sherlock Holmes pastiches, parodies, and fanfictions from 1895 to 1975, including works by Mark Twain, O. Henry, and John Lennon. Photo by Pete Smith.

Filed Under: Authors, Research + Teaching Tagged With: Andrew Lang, Arthur Chapman, Arthur Conan Doyle, August Derleth, Baker Street Irregulars, Baker Street Journal, Christopher Morley, detective stories, Dorothy L. Sayers, Elementary, fanfic, fanfiction, fiction, H. P. Lovecraft, H. W. Bell, Henry Jenkins, Laurie S. King, Michael Chabon, Monsignor Ronald Knox, Mystery!, Neil Gaiman, O. Henry, P. G. Wodehouse, S. C. Roberts, Sherlock, Sherlock Holmes, Sherlock Holmes Journal, Sherlock Holmes Society, Vincent Starrett

The Adventure of the Immortal Detective: Discovering Sherlock Holmes in the Archives

May 3, 2012 - Arcadia Falcone

Doyle wrote “The Coming of the Fairies” (1922) in defense of the Cottingley fairy photographs, which he believed to be genuine. Arthur Conan Doyle photography collection.

The BBC’s modernized television adaptation Sherlock and the steampunk-inspired Hollywood blockbuster Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows are only two of the most recent incarnations of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s famous detective. The Ransom Center holds an eclectic array both of Sherlockiana and of materials illustrating Doyle’s diverse pursuits.

Doyle introduced Sherlock Holmes in the novel A Study in Scarlet, which received several rejections before being published in the 1887 Beeton’s Christmas Annual (alongside the forgotten tales “Food for Powder” and “The Four-Leaved Shamrock,” as well as some truly terrifying Victorian advertisements—“Steiner’s Vermin Paste, It Never Fails!”). The Center holds one of the 11 complete copies known to exist, as part of the Ellery Queen book collection. The Queen collection also includes books from Doyle’s true crime library, many of which previously belonged to W. S. Gilbert (of Gilbert and Sullivan fame).

The character of Irene Adler plays a significant role in both the mentioned recent adaptations, but she appears in only one Doyle short story, “A Scandal in Bohemia.” The Center’s Sir Arthur Conan Doyle papers include the handwritten manuscript for this story, as well as a manuscript page from the most famous Holmes novel, The Hound of the Baskervilles. The Doyle papers also contain some interesting oddities, such as Doyle’s laconic answers to an autobiographical questionnaire (His favorite food? “Anything when hungry—nothing when not”) and a fan letter Doyle wrote to Bram Stoker in praise of Dracula.

The popular image of Sherlock Holmes owes much to Sidney Paget, who illustrated the original publication of many of the stories in The Strand Magazine. It was he who put Holmes in the iconic deerstalker, never specifically mentioned by Doyle (Sherlockians will tell you that the “ear-flapped travelling cap” described in “Silver Blaze” is the closest reference). The Center’s Sir Arthur Conan Doyle art collection includes two original Paget drawings featuring Holmes and Dr. Watson—but no deerstalker.

The Center’s collections also document fans’ longstanding obsession with Sherlock Holmes. Christopher Morley, whose papers the Center holds, founded the first American Holmes fan society, the Baker Street Irregulars, in 1934. Elsewhere in the collections, one may find a manuscript of Dorothy L. Sayers’s learned disquisition on the conflicting dates given in “The Red-Headed League,” a handwritten essay celebrating the centenary of Holmes’s purported birth by A. A. Milne, and T. S. Eliot’s perceptive review of the collected stories in a 1928 issue of the Criterion.

In later life, Doyle developed a strong interest in spiritualism and the supernatural. The Center holds a large collection of Doyle’s spirit photographs, in which ghostly apparitions hover over the living, as well as his copies of the Cottingley fairy photographs. Doyle used the photographs to illustrate an article he wrote for The Strand Magazine about fairies and interpreted the images as clear evidence of their existence. The Center’s personal effects collection includes Doyle’s Ouija board. (Also present: two pairs of his socks.)

Sherlock Holmes himself has had an afterlife to rival any of Doyle’s spirits. The Center holds some early examples of what today would be called fan fiction: Maurice Leblanc pits his gentleman thief against a Holmes substitute in Arsène Lupin versus Herlock Sholmes (1908); in the same year, the first in a series of Spanish plays paired Holmes with A. J. Raffles (himself a Sherlock-inspired figure from the pen of Doyle’s brother-in-law, E. W. Hornung). Holmes even went to Broadway in Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes (1965). As a bumper sticker from the Baker Street Irregulars proclaims, “Sherlock Holmes is alive and well!”

Click on the thumbnails to view larger images.

In this letter to Bram Stoker, Doyle expresses his admiration for the recently published “Dracula.” Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
In this letter to Bram Stoker, Doyle expresses his admiration for the recently published “Dracula.” Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
“A Scandal in Bohemia,” Holmes’s first appearance in short story form, also represents one of the rare instances in which the detective is outwitted. Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
“A Scandal in Bohemia,” Holmes’s first appearance in short story form, also represents one of the rare instances in which the detective is outwitted. Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
Sherlock Holmes’s inauspicious first appearance was in the 1887 Beeton’s Christmas Annual. The 27-year-old Doyle wrote the novel in three weeks and received only £25 for the full rights. Ellery Queen Book Collection.
Sherlock Holmes’s inauspicious first appearance was in the 1887 Beeton’s Christmas Annual. The 27-year-old Doyle wrote the novel in three weeks and received only £25 for the full rights. Ellery Queen Book Collection.
This illustration for “The Adventure of the Norwood Builder” is one of 356 drawings Sidney Paget created for the original publication of the Sherlock Holmes tales in The Strand Magazine. Arthur Conan Doyle art collection.
This illustration for “The Adventure of the Norwood Builder” is one of 356 drawings Sidney Paget created for the original publication of the Sherlock Holmes tales in The Strand Magazine. Arthur Conan Doyle art collection.
This illustration for “The Adventure of the Norwood Builder” is one of 356 drawings Sidney Paget created for the original publication of the Sherlock Holmes tales in The Strand Magazine. Arthur Conan Doyle art collection.
This illustration for “The Adventure of the Norwood Builder” is one of 356 drawings Sidney Paget created for the original publication of the Sherlock Holmes tales in The Strand Magazine. Arthur Conan Doyle art collection.
A pair of Doyle’s socks. Arthur Conan Doyle Personal Effects Collection. Photo by Pete Smith.
A pair of Doyle’s socks. Arthur Conan Doyle Personal Effects Collection. Photo by Pete Smith.
Doyle’s Ouija board. Arthur Conan Doyle Personal Effects Collection. Photo by Pete Smith.
Doyle’s Ouija board. Arthur Conan Doyle Personal Effects Collection. Photo by Pete Smith.
A book from Doyle’s true crime library that previously belonged to W. S. Gilbert. London’s Newgate Prison was in operation for over 700 years, ending in 1902. Ellery Queen book collection.
A book from Doyle’s true crime library that previously belonged to W. S. Gilbert. London’s Newgate Prison was in operation for over 700 years, ending in 1902. Ellery Queen book collection.
The international appeal of Sherlock Holmes became clear early. This play, the second in a series, premiered in Barcelona in 1909. Ellery Queen book collection.
The international appeal of Sherlock Holmes became clear early. This play, the second in a series, premiered in Barcelona in 1909. Ellery Queen book collection.
The English master detective faces off against the French master thief in Maurice Leblanc’s “Arsène Lupin” versus “Herlock Sholmes.” Other authors to “borrow” Holmes include J. M. Barrie and Mark Twain. Ellery Queen book collection.
The English master detective faces off against the French master thief in Maurice Leblanc’s “Arsène Lupin” versus “Herlock Sholmes.” Other authors to “borrow” Holmes include J. M. Barrie and Mark Twain. Ellery Queen book collection.
Doyle wrote “The Coming of the Fairies” (1922) in defense of the Cottingley fairy photographs, which he believed to be genuine. Arthur Conan Doyle photography collection.
Doyle wrote “The Coming of the Fairies” (1922) in defense of the Cottingley fairy photographs, which he believed to be genuine. Arthur Conan Doyle photography collection.
Writer and editor Christopher Morley founded the Baker Street Irregulars, a fan society which also counted Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Harry Truman as honorary members. Christopher Morley papers.
Writer and editor Christopher Morley founded the Baker Street Irregulars, a fan society which also counted Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Harry Truman as honorary members. Christopher Morley papers.
A. A. Milne, best remembered for creating Winnie-the-Pooh, celebrates Holmes and Watson in his nine-page essay “A Room on Baker Street.” A. A. Milne Papers.
A. A. Milne, best remembered for creating Winnie-the-Pooh, celebrates Holmes and Watson in his nine-page essay “A Room on Baker Street.” A. A. Milne Papers.
“Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes” played on Broadway for 311 performances in 1965. Bob Golby photography collection.
“Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes” played on Broadway for 311 performances in 1965. Bob Golby photography collection.
“Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes” played on Broadway for 311 performances in 1965. Bob Golby photography collection.
“Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes” played on Broadway for 311 performances in 1965. Bob Golby photography collection.
“Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes” played on Broadway for 311 performances in 1965. Bob Golby photography collection.
“Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes” played on Broadway for 311 performances in 1965. Bob Golby photography collection.
This manuscript page from “The Hound of the Baskervilles” shows Holmes and Watson in conversation after the doctor discovers his friend has been hiding out on Dartmoor. Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
This manuscript page from “The Hound of the Baskervilles” shows Holmes and Watson in conversation after the doctor discovers his friend has been hiding out on Dartmoor. Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
It’s unknown why Doyle filled out this autobiographical questionnaire in 1893, but the answers give a sense of his humorous side. Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
It’s unknown why Doyle filled out this autobiographical questionnaire in 1893, but the answers give a sense of his humorous side. Arthur Conan Doyle papers.
Even Doyle himself was unable to kill off his popular detective: pressure from fans led him to resurrect Holmes a decade after his apparent death at Reichenbach Falls, as this sticker from the Baker Street Irregulars attests. Arthur Conan Doyle vertical file.
Even Doyle himself was unable to kill off his popular detective: pressure from fans led him to resurrect Holmes a decade after his apparent death at Reichenbach Falls, as this sticker from the Baker Street Irregulars attests. Arthur Conan Doyle vertical file.
After the death of his wife in 1906 and his son in 1918, Doyle developed a strong interest in spiritualism, and became a noted writer and speaker on the subject. Arthur Conan Doyle vertical file.
After the death of his wife in 1906 and his son in 1918, Doyle developed a strong interest in spiritualism, and became a noted writer and speaker on the subject. Arthur Conan Doyle vertical file.
Doyle amassed a large collection of spirit photography. This image features Harry Houdini, whose friendship with Doyle soured when the magician denied he had the supernatural powers Doyle attributed to him. Arthur Conan Doyle photography collection.
Doyle amassed a large collection of spirit photography. This image features Harry Houdini, whose friendship with Doyle soured when the magician denied he had the supernatural powers Doyle attributed to him. Arthur Conan Doyle photography collection.

Filed Under: Authors, Books + Manuscripts Tagged With: A Scandal in Bohemia, A Study in Scarlet, A. A. Milne, A. J. Raffles, Arsène Lupin versus Herlock Sholmes, Arthur Conan Doyle, Baker Street Irregulars, Baker Street: A Musical Adventure of Sherlock Holmes, Christopher Morley, deerstalker, Dorothy L. Sayers, Maurice Leblanc, Sherlock Holmes, Sherlockiana, Sidney Paget, Spiritualism, supernatural, T. S. Eliot, The Hound of the Baskervilles, The Strand Magazine

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