Who loses and who wins in the ride-hailing era? A case study of Austin, Texas

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of ride-hailing on transportation access, particularly in low-density areas. Using data from Austin, Texas, we analyze ride-hailing usage, transit availability, and vehicle ownership across neighborhoods with varying demographics. Our findings reveal that ride-hailing has become an alternative mode of transport for residents in low-income, low-density, and predominantly Hispanic neighborhoods. However, usage is lower in these areas compared to high-density, high-income neighborhoods. Ride-hailing users without private vehicles tend to be racial minorities or younger individuals with higher education. This highlights the role of ride-hailing in addressing social and spatial disparities, emphasizing its importance in transportation planning for low-density areas.