| Principal Investigator: | Deanna T. Schexnayder, MBA |
| Sponsor: | Texas Early Learning Council and University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston |
| Research Partners: | Steve Murdock, Ph.D., Hobby Center for the Study of Texas |
| Project Duration: | June 1, 2011 – October 31, 2012 |
| Description: | The Ray Marshall Center is beginning work with the Texas Early Learning Council and University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston to identify and evaluate education programs and services in Texas for children under the age of 13. The project has four objectives:
1. To understand and estimate the number of children under age 13 who will be eligible for early childhood education programs and services and before and after school-age care programs and services in the near term (2012-2015). 2. To understand and document the current supply across the state of Texas of formal providers of early childhood education programs and services as well as school-age care for children under the age of 13 based on data from federal, state and local agencies and service providers. 3. To conduct a gap analysis based on objectives #1 and #2. 4. To generate a final, comprehensive state of Texas needs assessment analyzing Texas’ early childhood education and school-age care system; and provides recommendations for meeting identified gaps in programs and services and quality and recommendations for conducting periodic needs assessment. |
| Reports Available: | Change in the Early Childhood and School Age Population in Texas, 2000 to 2010, and Projected to 2015 Authors: Steve H. Murdock, Michael Cline, Debbie Perez, and George Hough Date: September 2012 Publication Type:Report, 140pp. Publisher: The Hobby Center for the Study of Texas, Rice University Texas Early Childhood Education Needs Assessment: Supply and Quality of Early Care and Education and School-Age Care Texas Early Childhood Education Needs Assessment: Gaps between Need and Availability of Early Care and Education Texas Early Childhood Education Needs Assessment: Final Report |
Two-Generation Strategy Initiative
| Principal Investigator: | Christopher T. King, PhD |
| Sponsor: | Foundation for Child Development |
| Project Duration: | April 2011 – June 2016 |
| Description: | In partnership with the Foundation for Child Development, the Ray Marshall Center is implementing a Dual-Generation Strategy Initiative. This project seeks to create and promote the field of “dual-generation” strategies, those in which children simultaneously participate in high-quality early and primary education (PreK-3rd) while their parents participate in leading-edge workforce development and education programs ultimately leading to long-term learning and economic success for low-skilled, low-income families in the United States. The goals of the project are to improve the understanding of dual-generation strategies among policymakers, researchers, and funders, as well as foster the implementation of dual-generation strategies at the federal and state levels. The project potentially has four (4) phases, the first two of which FCD is funding through the Center:
The Foundation for Child Development (FCD) is a national private philanthropy in New York City dedicated to promoting a new beginning for American education from PreKindergarten through Third Grade (PreK-3rd). PreK-3rd Grade Education is a seamless learning continuum, connecting high-quality PreK programs with high-quality elementary schools, to create a well-aligned primary education for all our nation’s children. The Foundation promotes the well-being of children, and believes that families, schools, nonprofit organizations, businesses, and governments at all levels share complementary responsibilities in the critical task of raising new generations. |
| Reports Available: | Promoting Two-Generation Strategies: A Getting-Started Guide for State and Local Policy Makers (Revised and Updated) Author: Christopher T. King, Cynthia J. Juniper, Rheagan Coffey, and Tara C. Smith Date: August 2016 Publication Type: Report, 55pp Austin Two-Generation Pilot Project Evaluation – UWGA Promoting Two-Generation Strategies: A Getting-Started Guide for State and Local Policy Makers Dual-Generation Strategy Initiative Research Brief Investing in Children and Parents: Fostering Dual-Generation Strategies in the United States |
Achieving Change for Texans Demonstration Waiver Evaluation
| Principal Investigator: | Deanna Schexnayder, MBA |
| Sponsor: | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Texas Health and Human Services Commission (formerly Texas Department of Human Services) |
| Research Partner: | Texas Health and Human Services Commission (formerly Texas Department of Human Services) |
| Project Duration: | 1997-2002 |
| Description: | Using random assignment in sites around the state of Texas, this evaluation project analyzes the net impact of time limits, the personal responsibility agreement, increased resource limits and other features of the 1995 Texas welfare reform legislation (HB 1863) on a number of outcomes. Impacts of these reforms will be measured for the following client and family outcomes: welfare dynamics, economic self sufficiency, participation in workforce development services, education and immunization of children, access to subsidized child care, and use of child protective services. Net impacts will be measured over a five-year period. |
| Reports Available: | Achieving Change for Texans Demonstration Waiver Evaluation: Net Impacts Through December 1997 Authors: Deanna T. Schexnayder, Jerome A. Olson, Daniel G. Schroeder, Alicia Betsinger, and Shao Chee Sim Date: December 1998 Publication Type: Report, 69pp. Achieving Change for Texans: Evaluation of the Texas Welfare Reform Waiver: Final Summary Report Achieving Change for Texans: Evaluation of the Texas Welfare Reform Waiver: Final Summary Report (presentation) Achieving Change for Texans: Evaluation of the Texas Welfare Reform Waiver: Final Impact Report Achieving Change for Texans: Evaluation of the Texas Welfare Reform Waiver: Final Process Evaluation Report, by the Office of Planning, Evaluation and Project Management, Texas Department of Human Services (January 2003). For printed copies, contact Debora Morris, Texas Department of Human Services, (512)438-3353. Achieving Change for Texans: Evaluation of the Texas Welfare Reform Waiver: Understanding Time Limits: Supplement to the Final Process Evaluation Report, by the Office of Planning, Evaluation and Project Management, Texas Department of Human Services (January 2003). For printed copies, contact Debora Morris, Texas Department of Human Services, 512/438-3353. Achieving Change for Texans: Evaluation of the Texas Welfare Reform Waiver: Texans Who Receive a One-time Benefit: The Year After, by Laura Lein, Karen Douglas, Susan Jacquet, Audrey Steiner, Greg Ellis, and Veronica De La Garza, Center for Social Work Research, School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin (January 2003). For printed copies, contact Debora Morris, Texas Department of Human Services, (512)438-3353. Achieving Change for Texans: Evaluation of the Texas Welfare Reform Waiver: Texans Who Timed Out of Welfare: The Year After, by Laura Lein, Karen Douglas, Audrey Steiner and Greg Ellis, Center for Social Work Research, School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin (January 2003). For printed copies, contact Debora Morris, Texas Department of Human Services, (512)438-3353. |
NCHS Data Linkage with Food Assistance and Other Related Data in Texas
| Principal Investigator: | Daniel G. Schroeder, PhD |
| Sponsor: | National Center for Health Statistics |
| Project Duration: | March 2009 – September 2012 |
| Description: | The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) has conducted the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) continuously since 1999. One of the major components of NHANES is the nutrition and dietary component. A recent National Academies panel on Enhancing the Data Infrastructure in Support of Food and Nutrition Programs recommended linking the NHANES data with food assistance and other related program records to more fully understand decisions that the population makes on food consumption and to guide policy makers. NCHS has decided to link 2005-2008 NHANES data with Food Stamp Program and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families administrative records in Texas. If additional funds become available, NCHS will also link 2005-2008 NHANES data with Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and Unemployment Insurance Wage File Reports in Texas.
Under the project, the Ray Marshall Center for the Study of Human Resources at the University of Texas in Austin will perform the linkage of records. After the linkage has occurred, statistical analyses will be conducted. The analyses will assess the participation in food program assistance and the effects of long term participation as it relates to food consumption and nutrition. In addition, the analyses will assess the accuracy of collecting this information in a self reported survey compared to the results of record linkage to an administrative database. The results from this linkage analysis will help gain understanding for future food and nutrition-related policy planning in the United States and perhaps future linkage projects. |
Welfare and Employment Dynamics Using Matched Data
| Principal Investigators: | Daniel Schroeder, PhD |
| Sponsor: | National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, U.S. Department of Agriculture |
| Research Partners: | The Johns Hopkins University, The George Washington University |
| Project Duration: | November 2005 – July 2008 |
| Description: | The project will conduct studies of food stamp, welfare, and employment dynamics using matched data from the “Three City Study” and administrative records from various governmental welfare and employment sources. It has a data collection goal and an analysis goal. The data collection goal is to gather administrative records from TANF, Food Stamps, Unemployment Insurance earnings records, and several other public assistance and social service agencies on the families in the survey, to match them to the survey, and to develop a restricted use file that could be made available to other authorized researchers. The analysis goal is to use the matched data to conduct primary analyses of food stamp, welfare, and employment dynamics using state of the art econometric methods and to conduct a series of additional substantive and methodological analyses. These additional analyses include a study of methods of efficient estimation models which use the survey data and the universe of administrative data; a study of the seam problem in event history surveys; an examination of the effects of work requirements, time limits, and sanctions on welfare use and employment outcomes; studies of food and financial hardships among families; and studies of welfare participation of children of immigrants, employment patterns of Latinas, aging low income mothers, and social service use. The researchers at the Ray Marshall Center will participate mainly in data collection tasks, using administrative data from the state of Texas to: (1) develop research files describing families’ food stamp, welfare, and other program experiences and histories of their UI-covered earnings, and (2) link these data to information from the “Three City Study.” The researchers will also assist with other analysis tasks, as time and interest allow, and may develop their own analysis projects with the data. |
Creating a Sectoral Workforce Development Strategy for Tulsa
| Principal Investigator: | Cynthia Juniper, MA |
| Sponsor: | George Kaiser Family Foundation, W. K. Kellogg Foundation, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Administration for Children and Families |
| Research Partners: | Community Action Program of Tulsa County, Harvard University’s Center on the Developing Child and Graduate School of Education, Tulsa Educare, University of Oklahoma-Tulsa’s School of Community Medicine, Northwestern University’s Institute of Policy Research, Columbia University |
| Project Duration: | July 2008 – September 2021 |
| Description: | In collaboration with a multi-disciplinary team of partners, the Ray Marshall Center (RMC) is developing and implementing a sectoral workforce development strategy for low-skilled, low-income parents of children served by early childhood programs in Tulsa, Oklahoma. There is emerging evidence that children whose parents hold stable jobs with progressively rising incomes exhibit better academic and behavioral outcomes. RMC and its partners have undertaken a dual-generation approach to poverty reduction that strengthens the investment in early childhood development by equipping Head Start parents with workforce training and gainful employment opportunities. This approach employs a more holistic model than traditional workforce development programs, as it also includes employee counseling and other support services to help parents complete training and adult basic education, retain their jobs, advance in their careers, and become economically self-sufficient. The goal is to develop a sustainable sectoral strategy that can be replicated beyond Tulsa to other communities across the nation.
In the first phase of the project (2008-2009), RMC designed a sectoral job development strategy focused on industries featuring jobs that pay well and provide much-needed employee benefits (e.g., health insurance, annual and sick leave) as well as career advancement opportunities. In April 2009, Community Action Program of Tulsa County launched the pilot, CareerAdvance®, at two Head Start sites in Tulsa involving 15 parents. The components of the CareerAdvance® are 1) GED and college readiness instruction, as needed; 2) skills training in the healthcare sector progressing from Certified Nursing Aide to Licensed Practical Nurse to Registered Nurse; 3) weekly peer support meetings addressing a flexible set of topics (e.g., life skills, work readiness, family finances); 4) conditional cash incentives (up to $3,000 a year) for participants meeting specified benchmarks to reinforce continued participation and help offset foregone earnings; and 5) workforce intermediation between healthcare employers and training institutions provided through Workforce Tulsa. The report on the project’s first year of operation is available at the link below. In partnership with Harvard University and the University of Oklahoma – Tulsa School of Medicine, a second pilot site was opened in July 2009 at a Tulsa Educare Center. The second pilot, EduCareers, includes all components described above as well as enhanced mental health services for participating households, curriculum enhancements for the children, parent engagement training, and a medical home. The CareerAdvance® project has now been expanded to 2015 with support from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Administration for Children and Families. RMC and partners at Northwestern and Columbia University have been engaged to provide ongoing on data collection, implementation, and outcomes analysis of project participants. |
| Reports Available: | CareerAdvance® Implementation Study Findings through FY 2020: The impact of COVID-19 on service delivery Authors: Cynthia Juniper and Christopher T. King Date: February 2021 Publication Type: Report, 52pp. CareerAdvance® Implementation Study Findings through FY2019 CareerAdvance® Implementation Study Findings through FY2018 CareerAdvance® Implementation Study Findings through FY2017 CareerAdvance® HPOG II Transition and Expansion CareerAdvance® Implementation Study Findings through July 2015 Sustaining Two-Generation Strategies: A Case Study of Tulsa’s CareerAdvance® Program CareerAdvance® Implementation Study Findings Through July 2014 CareerAdvance® Implementation Study Findings Through July 2013 The Evolution of the CareerAdvance® Program in Tulsa, Oklahoma Expanding the CareerAdvance® Program in Tulsa, Oklahoma CareerAdvance® Implementation Report CareerAdvance® Pilot Project |
TANF, Unemployment Insurance, and the Safety Net
| Principal Investigator: | Daniel Schroeder, PhD |
| Sponsor: | W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research |
| Project Duration: | June 2007 – April 2008 |
| Description: | This project presents a revised analysis plan to investigate linkages between Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Unemployment Insurance (UI). Using administrative data from a group of four large states, this study extends our understanding about the use of UI by recent TANF leavers. Data from the following states are analyzed: Florida, Ohio, Michigan, and Texas. Samples from all four states will be analyzed for 2000 TANF receipt cohorts. These samples include TANF recipients in calendar year 2000 who exit from TANF for employment by the first calendar quarter of 2001. Analysis will be conducted on earlier and later TANF exit cohorts as data is available for other states. The two alternative TANF exit time frames are: (1) TANF receipt 1997Q2 to 1998Q1 and exit by 1998Q2, and (2) TANF receipt 2002Q1 to 2002Q4 and exit by 2003Q1. Based on data for the Florida 2000 cohort, this report presents a blueprint for analysis of all cohorts by presenting tables and charts to answer questions posed in the draft analysis plan. The sections and sub-sections of this revised analysis plan correspond to the overview of research questions listed in Table 1. An overview of data available to investigate these research questions is given in Table 2.
Analysis of UI and TANF use is primarily based on data provided through the Administrative Data Analysis and Research (ADARE) consortium. Additional data for this project was provided directly to the Upjohn Institute by some states. Data for Michigan was provided to the Institute outside ADARE. |
Central Texas Workforce Intermediary Initiative Pilot
| Principal Investigator: | Christopher T. King, PhD |
| Sponsor: | The Rockefeller Foundation |
| Research Partners: | Skillpoint Alliance and Capital IDEA |
| Project Duration: | October 2005 – March 2007 |
| Description: | The Central Texas Workforce Intermediary Initiative (CTWII) will build and strengthen support among Central Texas stakeholders for a major workforce intermediary initiative linked to long-term economic growth and regional vitality. Specifically, the initiative will result in increased training and job creation, especially high-skilled jobs offering high wages, improved job retention, and career advancement for area residents, new business and industry development, greater productivity for the Central Texas business community, and greater economic and social equity across the community. The initiative will focus its efforts on nursing and allied health careers in the region’s steadily growing healthcare industry sector.
The CTWII coalition will utilize a two-phase approach as it transitions from the planning stage to implementation. Phase I will focus on systems and capacity building. It will continue to solidify and expand accomplishments from the planning grant phase, including promoting ongoing stakeholder engagement, bolstering funding, finding additional ways to align funding streams, and continuing to work for improved public policies and political support. This phase will allow the group to implement and test select strategies in one initial industry sector — healthcare — then make adjustments as necessary before full-scale implementation. Phase II will include the continued expansion of the initial industry sector initiative and planning for the expansion of the initiative into at least one and possibly two additional industry sectors. This phase will also focus on long-term planning and sustainability of the efforts launched in Phases I and II. The overarching goal of our work in the healthcare industry sector will be to address the human resources needs of Central Texas healthcare employers by increasing the capacity of leading education and training institutions locally — especially Austin Community College and University of Texas’s School of Nursing — to connect low-income workers with job and career advancement opportunities in the healthcare industry. Through our efforts, we will:
|
Food Stamps, Unemployment Insurance, and the Safety Net
| Principal Investigator: | Daniel Schroeder, PhD |
| Sponsor: | Joint Center for Poverty Research, Food Assistance Research Small Grants Program |
| Project Duration: | July 2005 – December 2006 |
| Description: | Legislative reforms in the food stamp and the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) programs in the 1990s, together with a booming economy and the Earned Income Tax Credit, led to dramatic increases in employment among single mothers and smaller increases among other low-income families. The deterioration of the economy after 2000, however, has raised again the question of the adequacy of the safety net for nonworking families. This study will examine the extent of support from government programs, especially food stamps, among nonworking families, but with a focus on a program that has not received much research attention: the Unemployment Insurance (UI) program. The UI program is of interest because the increases in employment among disadvantaged families in the 1990s should have been expected to increase eligibility for benefits. This, in turn, may have led to greater receipt of UI in the recent downturn and to less reliance on food stamps, given that the latter program is also aimed, in part, at serving unemployed families during downturns. The researchers will use an administrative data set from the state of Texas containing information on food stamp, TANF, and UI recipients over the period 1996 to 2005 to investigate these questions.
The study will document the incidence of different kinds of assistance receipt, especially during the downturn, giving particular attention to the relationship between food stamps and UI benefits (how many individuals receive one but not the other, both, neither); will estimate event history models to determine whether receipt of UI leads to reduced entry and increased exit from the food stamp program; will examine how the nature of food stamp and UI spells changed as the Texas economy moved from expansion to recession to recovery; and will estimate the effects of such receipts on income from earnings, UI, and welfare. |
| Reports Available: | Food Stamps, Unemployment Insurance, and the Safety Net Author: Daniel Schroeder Date: May 2007 Publisher: The Harris School of Public Policy Studies at the University of Chicago Publication Type: Report, 43pp. (Harris School Working Paper Series 07.15) |
Community Agenda Assessment Project
| Principal Investigators: | Christopher T. King, PhD and Ying Tang |
| Sponsor: | United Way Capital Area |
| Project Duration: | November 2005 – December 2006 |
| Description: | The Ray Marshall Center at the University of Texas at Austin (RMC) is conducting a research project to assist the United Way Capital Area (UWCA) develop a Community Agenda on health and human services within the 10-county Capital Area region. The research is designed to lead to a synthesis of existing information and stakeholder perspectives on the priorities in health and human services. Specifically, RMC is charged as follows:
Phase I: Identify, collect and analyze existing regional data on the state of major health and human services issues, indicators and demographic trend; and Phase II: Gauge the perspectives of major stakeholders across the ten-county area regarding major issues, root causes, solutions and prospects for health and human services. The Ray Marshall Center will produce a data analysis report as a result of Phase I work. The data analysis report will present major indicators of demographic trends, several indicators under important issue areas related to health and human services, a summary listing of the issues or priority issues previously identified by stakeholders through community assessment or planning processes in recent years, and a number of regional and county-specific highlights based on data and issues analysis. The report of the Phase II work will be a summary of findings based on analysis of input from different types of stakeholders in the ten counties. Specifically, stakeholder input is sought on the following topics:
To the extent possible, the Phase II report will also attempt to compare the issues and priorities that loom largest in the perspectives of the stakeholders and comparable data points on such issues and priorities. |
| Reports Available: | A Profile of the Capital Area Community: A Data Analysis Report for the United Way Capital Area Authors: Ying Tang, Suzanne Hershey, Christopher T. King, Erin Brown, and Katie Ryan Date: March 2006 Publication Type: Report, 100pp. A Profile of the Capital Area Community: A Profile of the Capital Area: A Regional Summary Toward Equity for All: Findings from Stakeholder Input on the Capital Area Community Agenda Project Toward Equity for All: Findings From Stakeholder Input on the Capital Area Community Agenda Project (Executive Summary) Community Agenda Project Findings and Recommendations |
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